MCQs
1. The enormous variety of living organisms on Earth is called:
A. Ecosystem
B. Biodiversity
C. Evolution
D. Classification
Answer: B
2. Biodiversity is important because it:
A. Increases pollution
B. Maintains ecological balance
C. Stops evolution
D. Destroys habitats
Answer: B
3. Species found only in a particular region are called:
A. Exotic species
B. Endemic species
C. Rare species
D. Migratory species
Answer: B
4. Which of the following is an endemic species of India?
A. Kangaroo
B. Polar bear
C. Nilgiri tahr
D. Penguin
Answer: C
5. Biodiversity hotspots are regions:
A. With very low rainfall
B. Having many endemic species and habitat loss
C. Without living organisms
D. Found only in deserts
Answer: B
6. Which of the following is a biodiversity hotspot in India?
A. Sahara Desert
B. Western Ghats
C. Antarctica
D. Amazon Basin only
Answer: B
7. Classification helps scientists to:
A. Destroy biodiversity
B. Organise and study organisms systematically
C. Stop evolution
D. Eliminate species
Answer: B
8. Similar features in organisms suggest:
A. No relationship
B. Common ancestry
C. Random formation
D. Lack of evolution
Answer: B
9. Which criterion is used in biological classification?
A. Cell structure
B. Mode of nutrition
C. Reproduction
D. All of these
Answer: D
10. Organisms that prepare their own food are:
A. Heterotrophs
B. Autotrophs
C. Parasites
D. Decomposers
Answer: B
11. Aristotle grouped animals mainly based on:
A. DNA similarity
B. Habitat and external appearance
C. Cell structure
D. Genetic engineering
Answer: B
12. The two-kingdom classification included:
A. Monera and Protista
B. Plantae and Animalia
C. Fungi and Protista
D. Archaea and Bacteria
Answer: B
13. Organisms with membrane-bound nucleus are:
A. Prokaryotes
B. Eukaryotes
C. Viruses
D. Spores
Answer: B
14. Bacteria belong to kingdom:
A. Plantae
B. Fungi
C. Monera
D. Protista
Answer: C
15. Organisms in Monera are:
A. Multicellular eukaryotes
B. Unicellular prokaryotes
C. Multicellular autotrophs
D. Vertebrates
Answer: B
16. Cyanobacteria are important because they:
A. Produce oxygen
B. Cause earthquakes
C. Form bones
D. Stop photosynthesis
Answer: A
17. Amoeba belongs to kingdom:
A. Protista
B. Plantae
C. Animalia
D. Fungi
Answer: A
18. Protists are mostly:
A. Multicellular prokaryotes
B. Unicellular eukaryotes
C. Vertebrates
D. Seed-bearing plants
Answer: B
19. Cell wall of fungi is made of:
A. Cellulose
B. Chitin
C. Lignin
D. Protein
Answer: B
20. Fungi obtain food mainly by:
A. Photosynthesis
B. Absorption
C. Hunting prey
D. Chemosynthesis
Answer: B
21. Mushroom belongs to kingdom:
A. Plantae
B. Monera
C. Fungi
D. Protista
Answer: C
22. Plants are:
A. Heterotrophic organisms
B. Multicellular autotrophs
C. Unicellular organisms
D. Prokaryotes
Answer: B
23. The simplest plant group is:
A. Angiosperms
B. Gymnosperms
C. Bryophytes
D. Thallophyta
Answer: D
24. Bryophytes are called amphibians of plant kingdom because:
A. They grow only in water
B. They require water for reproduction
C. They produce flowers
D. They have seeds
Answer: B
25. Pteridophytes possess:
A. Flowers and fruits
B. Vascular tissues
C. Naked seeds
D. No roots
Answer: B
26. Gymnosperms produce:
A. Fruits only
B. Naked seeds
C. Spores only
D. Flowers
Answer: B
27. Angiosperms are:
A. Flowering plants
B. Seedless plants
C. Non-vascular plants
D. Algae
Answer: A
28. The tissue transporting water in plants is:
A. Phloem
B. Xylem
C. Cortex
D. Epidermis
Answer: B
29. Animals without notochord are called:
A. Chordates
B. Vertebrates
C. Invertebrates
D. Mammals
Answer: C
30. Sponges belong to phylum:
A. Porifera
B. Arthropoda
C. Annelida
D. Mollusca
Answer: A
Assertion–Reason MCQs
31.
Assertion (A): Biodiversity hotspots are important for conservation.
Reason (R): They contain many endemic species under threat.
A. Both A and R are true, and R explains A
B. Both A and R are true, but R does not explain A
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true
Answer: A
32.
Assertion (A): Bryophytes are called amphibians of the plant kingdom.
Reason (R): They require water for reproduction.
A. Both A and R are true, and R explains A
B. Both A and R are true, but R does not explain A
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true
Answer: A
33.
Assertion (A): Fungi are heterotrophic organisms.
Reason (R): They absorb nutrients from dead and decaying matter.
A. Both A and R are true, and R explains A
B. Both A and R are true, but R does not explain A
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true
Answer: A
34.
Assertion (A): Pteridophytes are more advanced than bryophytes.
Reason (R): Pteridophytes possess vascular tissues.
A. Both A and R are true, and R explains A
B. Both A and R are true, but R does not explain A
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true
Answer: A
Case-Based MCQs
Case Study 1
Scientists studied the Western Ghats and found many endemic species facing habitat loss.
35. The Western Ghats are called:
A. Desert ecosystem
B. Biodiversity hotspot
C. Artificial habitat
D. Marine ecosystem
Answer: B
36. Endemic species are:
A. Found everywhere
B. Found only in a particular region
C. Extinct species
D. Laboratory organisms
Answer: B
37. Conservation of biodiversity hotspots is important because:
A. They reduce rainfall
B. They contain rich biodiversity
C. They increase pollution
D. They destroy ecosystems
Answer: B
Case Study 2
A student observed fungi growing on stale bread in moist conditions.
38. Bread mould belongs to kingdom:
A. Plantae
B. Protista
C. Fungi
D. Monera
Answer: C
39. Fungi reproduce mainly through:
A. Seeds
B. Spores
C. Fruits
D. Roots
Answer: B
Competency-Based MCQs
40. Which plant group first developed vascular tissues?
A. Bryophyta
B. Thallophyta
C. Pteridophyta
D. Angiosperms
Answer: C
41. Which feature helped gymnosperms survive in dry conditions?
A. Large flowers
B. Needle-like leaves
C. Absence of seeds
D. Aquatic reproduction
Answer: B
42. Which kingdom includes decomposers with chitin cell walls?
A. Monera
B. Fungi
C. Plantae
D. Animalia
Answer: B
43. Which phylum has jointed appendages and exoskeleton?
A. Mollusca
B. Arthropoda
C. Annelida
D. Echinodermata
Answer: B
44. Earthworm belongs to phylum:
A. Arthropoda
B. Porifera
C. Annelida
D. Mollusca
Answer: C
45. Starfish belongs to:
A. Echinodermata
B. Chordata
C. Arthropoda
D. Mollusca
Answer: A
46. Animals with backbone are:
A. Invertebrates
B. Vertebrates
C. Poriferans
D. Cnidarians
Answer: B
47. Scientific naming system introduced by Linnaeus is called:
A. Binary fission
B. Binomial nomenclature
C. Five kingdom system
D. Taxonomy only
Answer: B
48. In binomial nomenclature, the first word represents:
A. Species
B. Kingdom
C. Genus
D. Family
Answer: C
49. Scientific name of tiger is:
A. Panthera leo
B. Panthera tigris
C. Felis tigris
D. Tigera indica
Answer: B
50. Fossils are important because they:
A. Stop evolution
B. Preserve modern organisms only
C. Provide evidence of life in the past
D. Destroy rock layers
Answer: C
