MCQs
1. Science uses models mainly to:
A. Make things look attractive
B. Copy every detail exactly
C. Simplify complex systems for understanding
D. Avoid experiments
Answer: C
2. In a simple model of a cricket shot, which factor is MOST important?
A. Colour of the ball
B. Brand of the bat
C. Mass and speed of the ball
D. Grass on the field
Answer: C
3. While studying the motion of a falling object, scientists may ignore:
A. Gravity
B. Mass
C. Air resistance
D. Direction of motion
Answer: C
4. Scientific terms are used carefully because science requires:
A. Fancy language
B. Clear and unambiguous communication
C. Difficult vocabulary
D. Memorisation only
Answer: B
5. Which of the following is correctly matched?
A. Mass — I
B. Force — F
C. Velocity — m
D. Electric current — V
Answer: B
6. Mathematics in science mainly helps in:
A. Increasing confusion
B. Replacing observations
C. Expressing relationships clearly
D. Avoiding reasoning
Answer: C
7. The symbol ‘c’ for speed of light comes from the Latin word:
A. Calculus
B. Celeritas
C. Centaurus
D. Circularis
Answer: B
8. Standard units are important because they:
A. Increase calculation time
B. Differ from place to place
C. Allow fair comparison and trade
D. Depend on opinions
Answer: C
9. Newton’s laws of motion are examples of:
A. Hypotheses
B. Theories
C. Laws
D. Assumptions
Answer: C
10. A scientific theory is:
A. A random guess
B. An untested idea
C. An explanation based on evidence
D. A personal opinion
Answer: C
11. Predictions in science are based on:
A. Guesswork only
B. Evidence and careful thinking
C. Superstitions
D. Beliefs
Answer: B
12. Weather forecasts may become less accurate because:
A. Weather never changes
B. Instruments do not work
C. Tiny changes in conditions can grow over time
D. Scientists avoid measurements
Answer: C
13. Which statement BEST describes science?
A. Scientific ideas never change
B. Science depends on opinions
C. Scientific theories can improve with new evidence
D. Experiments are unnecessary
Answer: C
14. According to the chapter, approximate estimation helps to:
A. Avoid thinking
B. Detect unreasonable answers
C. Remove measurements completely
D. Replace calculations always
Answer: B
15. Which branch of science is involved in understanding how masks work?
A. Physics only
B. Biology only
C. Chemistry only
D. Multiple branches together
Answer: D
Assertion–Reason MCQs
16.
Assertion (A): Science often ignores some details while making models.
Reason (R): Ignoring less important details helps simplify understanding.
A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true
Answer: A
17.
Assertion (A): Scientific theories can change with new evidence.
Reason (R): Science is based on evidence rather than belief.
A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true
Answer: A
18.
Assertion (A): Standard units are important in science.
Reason (R): Different people should use different measurement systems.
A. Both A and R are true
B. A is true but R is false
C. A is false but R is true
D. Both A and R are false
Answer: B
19.
Assertion (A): Weather forecasts can sometimes be wrong.
Reason (R): Weather depends on many changing factors.
A. Both A and R are true, and R explains A
B. Both A and R are true, but R does not explain A
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true
Answer: A
Case-Based MCQs
Case Study 1
A student wants to model the motion of a bicycle going from school to home. She includes distance and speed but ignores the colour of the bicycle.
20. Why is the colour ignored?
A. It changes speed
B. It is not important for the model
C. It increases mass
D. It affects gravity
Answer: B
21. Which quantity is MOST useful for calculating travel time?
A. Distance
B. Colour
C. Brand name
D. Shape of tyres
Answer: A
Case Study 2
During an eclipse, some people claim that food becomes harmful. A student scientifically examines this claim.
22. Which approach is scientific?
A. Believing viral messages directly
B. Asking questions based on evidence
C. Ignoring observations
D. Depending only on opinions
Answer: B
23. According to the chapter, an eclipse is mainly:
A. A chemical reaction
B. A biological process
C. A play of shadows
D. A source of harmful radiation
Answer: C
Competency-Based MCQs
24. A shopkeeper uses different kilogram values for different customers. Which scientific principle is being violated?
A. Conservation of energy
B. Use of standard units
C. Theory formation
D. Scientific prediction
Answer: B
25. A student estimates that a family needs 2 grams of rice for a month. What scientific skill is missing?
A. Memorisation
B. Approximate reasoning
C. Observation
D. Classification
Answer: B
26. Which of the following BEST represents scientific thinking?
A. Accepting claims without evidence
B. Changing ideas when new evidence appears
C. Depending on beliefs only
D. Avoiding measurements
Answer: B
27. Which statement about models is correct?
A. Models always include every detail
B. Models simplify systems to answer questions
C. Models are never modified
D. Models replace experiments completely
Answer: B
28. The main purpose of scientific prediction is to:
A. Impress people
B. Guess future events randomly
C. Anticipate outcomes using evidence
D. Avoid experiments
Answer: C
29. Which field is MOST connected with studying airflow in masks?
A. Physics
B. History
C. Literature
D. Civics
Answer: A
30. Which quality is MOST important in scientific exploration?
A. Blind belief
B. Curiosity and careful questioning
C. Memorisation only
D. Guesswork
Answer: B
